Project Gutenberg 2024-10-11 Public domain in the USA. 174 Pirenne, Henri 1862 1935 Pirenne, Jean Henri Otto Lucien Marie Pirenne, H. (Henri) 10014116 Les anciennes démocraties des Pays-Bas $aParis :$bErnest Flammarion, $c1910. Bibliothèque de Philosophie scientifique Laurent Vogel, Pierre Lacaze and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from scanned images of public domain material from the Google Books project.) "Les anciennes démocraties des Pays-Bas" by Henri Pirenne is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The book explores the urban democracies that developed in the historical region known as the Netherlands, focusing particularly on the Middle Ages and how these city-states emerged and evolved. It examines the origins of cities, the economic and social conditions that fostered their growth, and the reasons behind their eventual decline. The opening of the work introduces the context in which urban life in the Netherlands developed, emphasizing that the area was characterized by late urbanization compared to other regions in Europe. Pirenne discusses the importance of trade and commerce in transforming these territories, which were previously agricultural and rural, into bustling economic hubs. He outlines the significant influence of local governance structures, defined by a mix of military necessity and trade, leading to the formation of cities. As the chapter unfolds, it begins to delineate the emergence of a merchant class and the transformative role of gilde (guilds) in establishing a new urban social order. Overall, the initial sections set the groundwork for a detailed exploration of the unique political and social dynamics that shaped the historical landscape of the Netherlands. (This is an automatically generated summary.) https://books.google.com/books?id=fyxEAAAAcAAJ 20220111030424pirenne 1910 FR Reading ease score: 58.0 (10th to 12th grade). Somewhat difficult to read. fr Cities and towns -- Belgium Belgium -- Politics and government Cities and towns -- Netherlands Netherlands -- Politics and government Cities and towns -- France -- Nord-Pas-de-Calais Nord-Pas-de-Calais (France) -- Politics and government JS Text 493879 2025-07-29T11:48:07.138462 text/html 467093 2024-10-11T14:23:44 text/html 252069 2025-07-29T11:48:13.250419 application/epub+zip 250867 2025-07-29T11:48:08.093430 application/epub+zip 250866 2025-07-29T11:48:07.577426 application/epub+zip 391808 2025-07-29T11:48:17.371412 application/x-mobipocket-ebook 355951 2025-07-29T11:48:12.704405 application/x-mobipocket-ebook 439860 2025-07-29T11:48:06.401472 text/plain; charset=us-ascii 419889 2024-10-11T14:23:44 text/plain; charset=us-ascii 16963 2025-07-29T11:48:17.540413 application/rdf+xml 12409 2025-07-29T11:48:07.715428 image/jpeg 2704 2025-07-29T11:48:07.651431 image/jpeg 204254 2025-07-29T11:48:07.178456 application/octet-stream application/zip Archives containing the RDF files for *all* our books can be downloaded at https://book.klll.cc/wiki/Gutenberg:Feeds#The_Complete_Project_Gutenberg_Catalog en.wikipedia