Project Gutenberg 2025-05-23 Public domain in the USA. 283 Seward, A. C. (Albert Charles) 1863 1941 Seward, Albert Charles, Sir Fossil plants, Vol. 3 : $b A text-book for students of botany and geology $aCambridge :$bCambridge University Press, $c1917. Peter Becker, Robert Tonsing and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive) "Fossil plants, Vol. 3 : A text-book for students of botany and geology" by Seward is a scientific textbook written in the early 20th century. It concentrates on fossil gymnosperms—especially seed ferns (Pteridospermeae), cycad-like plants, cordaites, and Bennettitales—using comparative anatomy, morphology, and systematics, with frequent reference to living cycads to frame evolutionary interpretations. The volume is aimed at students of botany and geology and is richly illustrated. The opening of the volume sets its scope in a preface that explains the emphasis on gymnosperms and postpones a global survey of past floras, then launches into a detailed primer on living Cycadales to prepare readers for fossil comparisons. This primer covers cycad habit and diversity, distribution, fronds and stems, reproductive structures (dioecious strobili versus the free megasporophylls of Cycas), seed structure with pollen chambers and motile sperm, probable insect pollination, and distinctive anatomy such as manoxylic wood, multiple cambial rings, and girdle leaf-traces; it also outlines the main tribes and genera (Cycas, Zamia, Dioon, Encephalartos, Ceratozamia, Macrozamia, Microcycas, Stangeria, Bowenia). The text then moves into the Pteridosperms with Lyginopteris oldhamia, clarifying nomenclatural history (preferring Lyginopteris over Lyginodendron for certain casts) and summarizing stem anatomy: a large pith, broad secondary xylem with prominent medullary rays, mesarch leaf-trace bundles, and a reticulate cortical stereome, setting the stage for linking stems, fronds, and seeds (Lagenostoma). (This is an automatically generated summary.) https://archive.org/details/fossilplantstext00sewarich 20200511115722seward 1917 en Reading ease score: 63.7 (8th & 9th grade). Neither easy nor difficult to read. en Paleobotany QE Text Category: Science - Biology Category: Science - Earth/Agricultural/Farming 2210369 2025-07-30T06:52:08.497833 text/html 2053684 2025-05-23T11:19:24 text/html 29807197 2025-07-30T06:53:12.888986 application/epub+zip 29850010 2025-07-30T06:52:24.837736 application/epub+zip 788566 2025-07-30T06:52:14.693789 application/epub+zip 84018163 2025-07-30T06:53:41.516918 application/x-mobipocket-ebook 83788268 2025-07-30T06:53:00.751561 application/x-mobipocket-ebook 1354338 2025-07-30T06:51:58.030847 text/plain; charset=us-ascii 1334390 2025-05-23T11:19:24 text/plain; charset=us-ascii 13873 2025-07-30T06:53:41.768844 application/rdf+xml 13935 2025-07-30T06:52:15.384748 image/jpeg 2836 2025-07-30T06:52:15.051759 image/jpeg 26081731 2025-07-30T06:52:09.454842 application/octet-stream application/zip Archives containing the RDF files for *all* our books can be downloaded at https://book.klll.cc/wiki/Gutenberg:Feeds#The_Complete_Project_Gutenberg_Catalog en.wikipedia