Project Gutenberg 2025-05-30 Public domain in the USA. 413 Ray, John 1627 1705 Raius, Joannes J. R. (John Ray) R., J. (John Ray) Raius, Johannes Wray, John Rauwolf, Leonhard 1535 1596 Rauwolff, Leonhart Rauwolf, L. (Leonhard) Belon, Pierre 1564 Bellon, Pierre Bellonius, P. (Petrus) Bellonius, Petrus Belon du Mans, Pierre Belon, P. (Pierre) Cenomanus, Petrus Belonius Du Mans, Pierre Belon Mans, Pierre Belon du Staphorst, Nicolaus 1679 1731 Staphorst, Nicholas Mr. Ray's travels, Vol. 2 : $b A collection of curious travels and voyages. Containing Dr Leonhart Rauwolf's journey into the eastern countries, viz. Syria, Palestine, or the Holy Land, Armenia, Mesopotamia, Assyria, Chaldea, &c., translated from the Original High Dutch, by Nicholas Staphorst. And also, travels into Greece, Asia minor, Egypt, Arabia felix, Petræa, Ethiopia, the Red Sea, &c. Collected from the observations of Mons. Belon, Prosper Alpinus, Dr. Huntington, Mr. Vernon, Sir George Wheeler, Dr. Smith, Mr. Greaves, and others. To which are added three catalogues of such trees, shrubs, and herbs, as grow in the Levant. By the Rev. John Ray, F.R.S. Second edition corrected and improved $aLondon :$bJ. Walthoe : D. Midwinter : A. Bettesworth et al, $c1738. Stirpium orientalium : Rariorum catalogi tres. (44 pp. at end of work) Charlene Taylor, Adrian Mastronardi, David Garcia. and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) "Mr. Ray's travels, Vol. 2 : A collection of curious travels and voyages.…." by John Ray is a collection of travel narratives and natural history observations written in the mid-18th century. It gathers translated journeys and reports focused on the Levant and wider Ottoman world—Greece, Asia Minor, Egypt, Arabia, and Ethiopia—emphasizing geography, customs, trade, and plants. Readers will find firsthand itineraries enriched with ethnographic detail and long botanical lists compiled from multiple travelers. The opening of this volume lays out an extensive table of contents and then begins Dr. Leonhart Rauwolf’s travelogue into the Eastern Mediterranean. He states his botanical aims, travels overland from Augsburg to Marseilles noting towns and plants, and then undertakes a stormy, wind-driven passage past Sardinia, Sicily, Crete, and Cyprus, including a brief audience with an Ottoman officer at Salamis, before reaching Tripoli. On arrival he describes a scuffle at the gate and then sketches Tripoli’s setting, irrigated gardens and fruits, flat-roofed houses, narrow paved streets, caravanserais, and especially the public baths and their routines (washing, depilation, and massage). He surveys trade and governance: European consuls and fondiques, bustling bazaars, silk and raisin commerce, soap and potash making from local halophytic plants, coinage, and the roles of Ottoman officials and courts, with examples of both punishments and corruption alongside avenues of appeal. Rauwolf also notes everyday manners—dress, music and games, washing habits, women’s seclusion and cemetery visits, and funeral customs. The section closes by starting a catalog of local flora around Tripoli, from shore plants to ricinus, squills, and sugar-canes. (This is an automatically generated summary.) https://archive.org/details/acollectioncuri00goog/page/n8/mode/2up 20200521185629rayfrs 1738 GB Reading ease score: 64.4 (8th & 9th grade). Neither easy nor difficult to read. en la Voyages and travels -- Early works to 1800 Plants -- Classification -- Early works to 1800 Middle East -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800 Botany -- Pre-Linnean works Greece -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800 Africa -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800 G Text Category: Travel Writing Category: History - Early Modern (c. 1450-1750) Category: Science - Biology 1303397 2025-07-30T07:04:33.955668 text/html 1273677 2025-05-30T18:02:29 text/html 1240524 2025-07-30T07:04:56.499616 application/epub+zip 1236425 2025-07-30T07:04:38.014700 application/epub+zip 718857 2025-07-30T07:04:35.725692 application/epub+zip 1844241 2025-07-30T07:05:09.471593 application/x-mobipocket-ebook 1566484 2025-07-30T07:04:54.346586 application/x-mobipocket-ebook 1149529 2025-07-30T07:04:29.715734 text/plain; charset=us-ascii 1128820 2025-05-30T18:02:29 text/plain; charset=us-ascii 19172 2025-07-30T07:05:09.696499 application/rdf+xml 24060 2025-07-30T07:04:36.122676 image/jpeg 3348 2025-07-30T07:04:35.925672 image/jpeg 1247624 2025-07-30T07:04:34.104687 application/octet-stream application/zip Archives containing the RDF files for *all* our books can be downloaded at https://book.klll.cc/wiki/Gutenberg:Feeds#The_Complete_Project_Gutenberg_Catalog de.wikipedia en.wikipedia en.wikipedia en.wikipedia